Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of adding grape pomace powder, grape seed oil, and grape seed nanopowder to broiler diets on physiological characteristics and oxidative stress markers. The experiment was conducted using 420 one-day-old Ross 308 broiler chicks, randomly assigned to seven treatments with three replicates per treatment. The treatments included the addition of different levels of grape pomace powder, grape seed oil, and grape seed nanopowder, as well as a control treatment. The results showed no significant effect of the feed additives on red and white blood cell counts, hemoglobin concentration, or packed cell volume. However, the treatments containing grape pomace showed a significant decrease in the hematocrit-to-lymphocyte ratio (H/L), indicating improved immune status and reduced physiological stress. The results also showed a significant improvement in biochemical markers, with increased concentrations of total protein, albumin, and globulin, and a significant decrease in serum glucose concentration. Regarding lipid metabolism, a significant decrease was observed in triglyceride, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL and VLDL) levels, along with a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein (HDL), particularly in the treatment that included the moderate addition of grape pomace powder. These effects are attributed to the richness of grape pomace in phenolic compounds and flavonoids with antioxidant activity, which contribute to improved metabolic balance and reduced oxidative stress. The study concludes that the addition of grape pomace and its derivatives, especially at moderate levels, can be used as an effective natural feed additive to improve the health and physiological status of broiler chickens and reduce oxidative stress, thereby enhancing livestock production efficiency.