Abstract

Insects are fundamental drivers of decomposition and nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems. Their diverse activities—ranging from shredding leaf litter and dead wood to scavenging animal remains and recycling feces—accelerate the breakdown of organic matter and facilitate the release and redistribution of essential nutrients. This research paper synthesizes current knowledge on the ecological roles of insects in forest floor decomposition, the mechanisms by which they interact with microorganisms, and the cascading effects on soil fertility, plant growth, and ecosystem health. Drawing on global and regional studies, we explore the phases of decomposition, key insect groups involved, their mutualisms with microbes, and the broader implications for forest management and conservation.